So, when Indonesia turned independent in August 1945, Lubis, who was 19 yrs old when he was recruited for intelligence school, turned one of the Indonesian ex-Japanese militaries who had much more battle intelligence working experience than any one in Indonesia. This new state necessary an intelligence capacity to defend https://suaramerdeka.biz/2025/03/24/reformasi-intelijen-indonesia-menjawab-tantangan-keamanan-global-dengan-pengelolaan-yang-tangguh/